Intersection cross-cut: patch ∩ sensor-accelerometer

Axes: form_factor × sensors

6 corpus entries disclose both tags.

Earliest disclosure: 2010-01

These entries are the direct inputs to OBVIOUSNESS_TEMPLATE.md. Any patent claim combining these two elements is anticipated or rendered obvious by the chain below.

Pantelopoulos & Bourbakis (2010) — survey on wearable sensor-based systems for health monitoring and prognosis (2010-01)

  • id: pantelopoulos-bourbakis-2010-wearable-health-survey
  • corpus: academic
  • form factor: other
  • creator: Alexandros Pantelopoulos / Nikolaos G. Bourbakis
  • disclosure: Pantelopoulos A, Bourbakis NG. ‘A survey on wearable sensor-based systems for health monitoring and prognosis.’ IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews) 2010;40(1):1-12.
  • ip status: public-domain
  • sensors: sensor-ecg, sensor-ppg, sensor-spo2, sensor-accelerometer, sensor-skin-temperature, sensor-respiration-impedance
  • algorithms: algo-hr, algo-arrhythmia-classification, algo-spo2-estimation, algo-fall-detection, algo-activity-classification
  • prior art notes: Surveys, as of 2010, the architecture and components of wearable health-monitoring systems — sensors (ECG, PPG, SpO2, accelerometry, temperature, respiration), garment- and patch- and watch-based form factors, on-body processing, wireless body-area networking, and the analytics (arrhythmia, fall, activity, deterioration prediction). Prior art establishing that the general ‘multi-sensor wearable + body-area network + cloud analytics’ system architecture and its building blocks were collected and published by 2010 — useful against later claims to the bare system architecture. General anchor.

Patel et al. (2012) — ‘A review of wearable sensors and systems with application in rehabilitation’ (2012-04-20)

  • id: patel-bonato-2012-wearable-sensors-rehab-review
  • corpus: academic
  • form factor: other
  • creator: Shyamal Patel / Hyung Park / Paolo Bonato et al.
  • disclosure: Patel S, Park H, Bonato P, Chan L, Rodgers M. ‘A review of wearable sensors and systems with application in rehabilitation.’ Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 2012;9:21.
  • ip status: public-domain
  • sensors: sensor-accelerometer, sensor-gyroscope, sensor-emg, sensor-ecg, sensor-ppg, sensor-pressure-skin
  • algorithms: algo-gait-analysis, algo-activity-classification, algo-fall-detection, algo-tremor-detection, algo-bradykinesia-detection, algo-posture-detection
  • prior art notes: Reviews, as of 2012, wearable inertial/EMG/pressure sensor systems for movement and physiological monitoring in rehabilitation and chronic-disease management — gait analysis, activity and posture classification, fall detection, tremor and bradykinesia quantification (Parkinson’s), with the sensor placements (foot/insole, shank, thigh, trunk, wrist, forearm) and algorithms. Prior art for wearable movement-disorder and gait-monitoring claims reciting any of the placements/analytics surveyed; collected and published by 2012. General anchor for the gait / tremor / activity cross-cuts.

Inan et al. (2015) — ballistocardiography and seismocardiography review (2014-10-07)

  • id: inan-2015-bcg-scg-review
  • corpus: academic
  • form factor: other
  • creator: Omer T. Inan et al.
  • disclosure: Inan OT, Migeotte P-F, Park K-S, Etemadi M, Tavakolian K, Casanella R, Zanetti J, Tank J, Funtova I, Prisk GK, Di Rienzo M. ‘Ballistocardiography and seismocardiography: a review of recent advances.’ IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 2015;19(4):1414-1427.
  • ip status: public-domain
  • sensors: sensor-accelerometer, sensor-piezoelectric
  • algorithms: algo-hr, algo-hrv, algo-pwv-bp-estimation
  • prior art notes: Reviews ballistocardiography (whole-body reaction force from cardiac ejection, measured at the seat/scale/bed) and seismocardiography (local chest vibration from cardiac motion, measured by accelerometers on the sternum) and their integration into bathroom scales, weighing chairs, beds, and chest patches — i.e. the mechanical-cardiac-signal route to heart rate, HRV, and cardiac-timing-interval / stroke-volume estimation. Prior art for claims reciting ‘measuring cardiac activity from a body-worn or support-mounted accelerometer/force sensor’, as both the BCG and SCG approaches and their wearable instantiations were collected and reviewed by 2015. Anchor for the BCG/SCG cross-cut.

VitalConnect VitalPatch (2016) — adhesive chest patch with single-lead ECG and multi-parameter monitoring (2016)

  • id: vitalconnect-vitalpatch-2016
  • corpus: private
  • form factor: patch
  • creator: VitalConnect, Inc.
  • disclosure: VitalConnect, Inc. ‘VitalPatch’ biosensor, FDA-cleared as a single-use adhesive chest patch with single-lead ECG, heart rate, heart-rate variability, respiratory rate, skin temperature, posture, activity, and fall detection, streamed wirelessly to a smartphone/relay; 7-day wear (later 14-day variants).
  • ip status: patented
  • sensors: sensor-ecg, sensor-accelerometer, sensor-skin-temperature
  • algorithms: algo-hr, algo-hrv, algo-respiratory-rate, algo-activity-classification, algo-posture-detection, algo-fall-detection, algo-arrhythmia-classification
  • prior art notes: Discloses a single-use adhesive chest patch deriving single-lead ECG, HR, HRV, respiratory rate, skin temperature, posture, activity, and falls in one body-worn unit, streamed wirelessly — i.e. a packed multi-parameter vital-signs patch. Anticipates multi-parameter ECG-patch claims combining any subset of those measurements in one adhesive form factor from 2016. Product-side anchor for the patch × multi-parameter-vitals cross-cut alongside [[fda-k113862-irhythm-zio-patch-2011]] (the AFib-focused variant).

Polar H10 (2017) — research-grade chest-strap ECG heart-rate sensor (2017-01)

  • id: polar-h10-chest-strap-2017
  • corpus: private
  • form factor: garment
  • creator: Polar Electro Oy
  • disclosure: Polar Electro Oy. ‘Polar H10’ chest heart-rate sensor, released 2017 — a chest strap with two dry electrodes deriving a single-lead ECG, computing R-R intervals and heart rate, with onboard 1-session memory, dual-broadcast (BLE + ANT+ + 5 kHz GymLink), an accelerometer (relative orientation), and well-documented R-R-interval accuracy (often used as a gold-standard reference for consumer wearables).
  • ip status: patented
  • sensors: sensor-ecg, sensor-accelerometer
  • algorithms: algo-hr, algo-hrv, algo-arrhythmia-classification
  • prior art notes: Discloses a chest strap with two dry electrodes deriving single-lead ECG, with on-strap R-R-interval computation, multi-protocol broadcast (BLE + ANT+ + the 5 kHz GymLink legacy band), and accelerometer-assisted noise rejection. Anticipates chest-strap-ECG claims combining ‘dry textile/elastic chest electrodes’, ‘on-strap derivation of R-R intervals and HR’, and ‘multi-protocol simultaneous wireless broadcast’ from 2017. Product-side anchor for the garment/patch × ECG strap cross-cut; refines [[polar-sport-tester-pe2000-1982]].

BioIntelliSense BioSticker (2019) — long-wear adhesive chest patch with extensive multi-parameter monitoring (2019-12)

  • id: biointellisense-biosticker-2019
  • corpus: private
  • form factor: patch
  • creator: BioIntelliSense, Inc.
  • disclosure: BioIntelliSense, Inc. ‘BioSticker’ single-use adhesive medical-grade biosensor, FDA-cleared 2019 — a chest patch with up to 30-day wear continuously measuring skin temperature, single-lead ECG-derived heart rate at rest, respiratory rate at rest, body position, activity (steps, cadence, gait), sleep, cough, vomiting events, and falls, with wireless upload.
  • ip status: patented
  • sensors: sensor-ecg, sensor-accelerometer, sensor-skin-temperature, sensor-microphone-air
  • algorithms: algo-hr, algo-respiratory-rate, algo-activity-classification, algo-posture-detection, algo-fall-detection, algo-cough-detection, algo-gait-analysis, algo-sleep-staging
  • prior art notes: Discloses a single-use 30-day adhesive chest patch combining skin temperature, resting HR-from-ECG, resting RR, posture/activity, sleep, cough and vomiting event detection, and falls — i.e. an unusually broad multi-parameter long-wear patch with explicit event-detection (cough, vomit) classifiers. Anticipates long-wear multi-parameter patch claims from 2019, including the event-detection (cough/vomit) elements that some later patents recite. Product-side anchor for the patch × long-wear multi-parameter cross-cut.

Public domain (CC0 1.0). The corpus IS the prior art commons.

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