Intersection cross-cut: garment ∩ sensor-skin-temperature
Axes: form_factor × sensors
3 corpus entries disclose both tags.
Earliest disclosure: 2005-09
These entries are the direct inputs to OBVIOUSNESS_TEMPLATE.md. Any patent claim combining these two elements is anticipated or rendered obvious by the chain below.
Paradiso et al. (2005) — ‘A wearable health care system based on knitted integrated sensors’ (WEALTHY) (2005-09)
- id:
paradiso-2005-wealthy-knitted-smart-shirt - corpus: academic
- form factor: garment
- creator: Rita Paradiso / Giannicola Loriga / Nicola Taccini (Smartex / CNR, Italy; EU WEALTHY consortium)
- disclosure: Paradiso R, Loriga G, Taccini N. ‘A wearable health care system based on knitted integrated sensors.’ IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine 2005;9(3):337-344. (Output of the EU FP5 ‘WEALTHY’ project, 2002-2005.)
- ip status: public-domain
- sensors: sensor-ecg, sensor-respiration-impedance, sensor-piezoelectric, sensor-accelerometer, sensor-skin-temperature
- algorithms: algo-hr, algo-respiratory-rate, algo-activity-classification
- prior art notes: Discloses a smart shirt with electrodes and sensors knitted directly into the textile (conductive yarns forming dry ECG electrodes; piezoresistive yarns forming respiration sensors via thoracic/abdominal expansion; accelerometer; temperature) plus an on-garment electronic interface and wireless link, deriving ECG, heart rate, respiration, posture/activity, and temperature — i.e. a fully integrated textile-electrode wearable. Any claim reciting ‘an item of clothing with electrodes/sensors integrated into the fabric structure for physiological monitoring’ reads on Paradiso 2005. Anchor for the garment × textile-electrode cross-cut; the foundational EU project for the smart-shirt patent space (Hexoskin, Cityzen, etc. all build on this lineage).
Pantelopoulos & Bourbakis (2010) — survey on wearable sensor-based systems for health monitoring and prognosis (2010-01)
- id:
pantelopoulos-bourbakis-2010-wearable-health-survey - corpus: academic
- form factor: other
- creator: Alexandros Pantelopoulos / Nikolaos G. Bourbakis
- disclosure: Pantelopoulos A, Bourbakis NG. ‘A survey on wearable sensor-based systems for health monitoring and prognosis.’ IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews) 2010;40(1):1-12.
- ip status: public-domain
- sensors: sensor-ecg, sensor-ppg, sensor-spo2, sensor-accelerometer, sensor-skin-temperature, sensor-respiration-impedance
- algorithms: algo-hr, algo-arrhythmia-classification, algo-spo2-estimation, algo-fall-detection, algo-activity-classification
- prior art notes: Surveys, as of 2010, the architecture and components of wearable health-monitoring systems — sensors (ECG, PPG, SpO2, accelerometry, temperature, respiration), garment- and patch- and watch-based form factors, on-body processing, wireless body-area networking, and the analytics (arrhythmia, fall, activity, deterioration prediction). Prior art establishing that the general ‘multi-sensor wearable + body-area network + cloud analytics’ system architecture and its building blocks were collected and published by 2010 — useful against later claims to the bare system architecture. General anchor.
Heikenfeld et al. (2018) — ‘Wearable sensors: modalities, challenges, and prospects’ (2018-01-16)
- id:
heikenfeld-2018-wearable-sensors-lab-on-chip-review - corpus: academic
- form factor: other
- creator: Jason Heikenfeld et al.
- disclosure: Heikenfeld J, Jajack A, Rogers J, Gutruf P, Tian L, Pan T, Li R, Khine M, Kim J, Wang J, Kim J. ‘Wearable sensors: modalities, challenges, and prospects.’ Lab on a Chip 2018;18(2):217-248.
- ip status: public-domain
- sensors: sensor-ppg, sensor-ecg, sensor-eeg, sensor-glucose-cgm, sensor-lactate, sensor-cortisol, sensor-skin-temperature, sensor-bioimpedance
- prior art notes: Authoritative 2018 review collecting wearable sensing across modalities — physical (motion, BCG/SCG, mechanoacoustic), electrophysiological (ECG/EMG/EEG), optical (PPG/SpO2, near-IR), thermal, electrochemical (sweat, saliva, tears, interstitial), and stimulation-coupled — across form factors (patch, watch, tattoo, contact lens, garment) and the challenges of body-fluid sampling, calibration, motion-artifact handling, and skin-electronics interfacing. Prior art establishing that the modality/form-factor combinations enumerated here were collected and surveyed by 2018; useful against later claims to those combinations. General anchor.