Intersection cross-cut: bracelet ∩ algo-hr
Axes: form_factor × algorithms
6 corpus entries disclose both tags.
Earliest disclosure: 2010-01
These entries are the direct inputs to OBVIOUSNESS_TEMPLATE.md. Any patent claim combining these two elements is anticipated or rendered obvious by the chain below.
Pantelopoulos & Bourbakis (2010) — survey on wearable sensor-based systems for health monitoring and prognosis (2010-01)
- id:
pantelopoulos-bourbakis-2010-wearable-health-survey - corpus: academic
- form factor: other
- creator: Alexandros Pantelopoulos / Nikolaos G. Bourbakis
- disclosure: Pantelopoulos A, Bourbakis NG. ‘A survey on wearable sensor-based systems for health monitoring and prognosis.’ IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews) 2010;40(1):1-12.
- ip status: public-domain
- sensors: sensor-ecg, sensor-ppg, sensor-spo2, sensor-accelerometer, sensor-skin-temperature, sensor-respiration-impedance
- algorithms: algo-hr, algo-arrhythmia-classification, algo-spo2-estimation, algo-fall-detection, algo-activity-classification
- prior art notes: Surveys, as of 2010, the architecture and components of wearable health-monitoring systems — sensors (ECG, PPG, SpO2, accelerometry, temperature, respiration), garment- and patch- and watch-based form factors, on-body processing, wireless body-area networking, and the analytics (arrhythmia, fall, activity, deterioration prediction). Prior art establishing that the general ‘multi-sensor wearable + body-area network + cloud analytics’ system architecture and its building blocks were collected and published by 2010 — useful against later claims to the bare system architecture. General anchor.
The Circle — ‘SeeChange’ wearable cameras and employee health wristbands (2013-10-08)
- id:
the-circle-seechange-and-health-wristbands - corpus: fictional
- form factor: bracelet
- creator: Dave Eggers
- disclosure: Eggers, Dave. The Circle. Alfred A. Knopf, 2013 (film adaptation 2017); ‘SeeChange’ miniature wearable/mountable cameras streaming continuously, and employee wristbands (worn in pairs on each wrist) that continuously monitor heart rate, activity, sleep, and other physiological data and upload it to the company.
- ip status: fictional
- sensors: sensor-ppg, sensor-accelerometer, sensor-camera-rgb
- algorithms: algo-hr, algo-step-count, algo-sleep-staging
- prior art notes: Discloses (a) continuously-worn wristbands with PPG and motion sensing that stream heart rate, activity, and sleep data to an employer, and (b) tiny body-wearable always-streaming cameras. Relevant to workplace-wellness wearable claims combining ‘a wrist-worn PPG/motion sensor’, ‘continuous physiological streaming to a remote/employer system’, and to body-worn-camera streaming claims. § 103 motivation that the employer-monitored wrist wearable and the always-streaming wearable camera were articulated objectives by 2013.
Microsoft Band (2014) — ten-sensor wristband (optical HR, GPS, GSR, UV, skin temp, barometer, ambient light, capacitive, microphone, IMU) (2014-10-30)
- id:
microsoft-band-2014 - corpus: private
- form factor: watch
- creator: Microsoft Corp.
- disclosure: Microsoft Corp. ‘Microsoft Band’, released 30 October 2014 — a wristband integrating ten sensors: an optical (PPG) heart-rate sensor, a 3-axis accelerometer/gyroscope, GPS, an ambient-light sensor, a skin-temperature sensor, a UV sensor, a capacitive (wear-detection) sensor, a galvanic-skin-response sensor, a microphone, and a barometer (added in Band 2).
- ip status: patented
- sensors: sensor-ppg, sensor-accelerometer, sensor-gyroscope, sensor-skin-temperature, sensor-uv, sensor-gsr, sensor-barometer, sensor-photodiode-ambient, sensor-microphone-air
- algorithms: algo-hr, algo-step-count, algo-calorie-estimation, algo-sleep-staging, algo-stress-index, algo-uv-dose-tracking
- prior art notes: Discloses a single wristband integrating an unusually broad sensor suite — reflectance-PPG HR, IMU, GPS, skin temperature, UV exposure, galvanic skin response (electrodermal activity), barometer, ambient light, capacitive wear-detection, and a microphone — feeding HR, activity, sleep, UV dose, and stress-index estimations. Prior art for multi-sensor-wristband claims reciting combinations of these sensors (notably wrist GSR/EDA + PPG + skin temperature for stress) from October 2014. Product-side anchor for the multi-sensor wristband cross-cut.
WHOOP Strap (2015) — display-less wrist/bicep PPG band for continuous HR/HRV, sleep and recovery (2015)
- id:
whoop-strap-2015 - corpus: private
- form factor: bracelet
- creator: WHOOP, Inc. (Will Ahmed)
- disclosure: WHOOP, Inc. ‘WHOOP Strap’, launched 2015 — a screenless band worn on the wrist or upper arm with photoplethysmography, a 3-axis accelerometer, and skin-temperature sensing, providing continuous heart rate, heart-rate variability, respiratory rate, sleep staging, and a derived ‘recovery’ score, with no on-device display.
- ip status: patented
- sensors: sensor-ppg, sensor-accelerometer, sensor-skin-temperature
- algorithms: algo-hr, algo-hrv, algo-respiratory-rate, algo-sleep-staging, algo-activity-classification
- prior art notes: Discloses a display-less band worn on the wrist or upper arm with PPG, accelerometry, and skin-temperature sensing that continuously derives HR, HRV, respiratory rate, and sleep stages and combines them into a daily ‘recovery’ index, with no screen (companion-app readout). Anticipates screenless-band claims and PPG-derived-HRV/recovery-score claims from 2015. Product-side anchor for the bracelet × PPG cross-cut and the HRV cross-cut.
Fitbit Charge HR (2015) — wristband with continuous wrist-PPG heart rate (‘PurePulse’) (2015-01-06)
- id:
fitbit-charge-hr-2015 - corpus: private
- form factor: watch
- creator: Fitbit, Inc.
- disclosure: Fitbit, Inc. ‘Fitbit Charge HR’, announced January 2015 — a wristband with ‘PurePulse’ continuous optical (green-LED PPG) heart rate, a 3-axis accelerometer, steps/distance/floors/calories/active-minutes, automatic sleep tracking, and call/text notifications.
- ip status: patented
- sensors: sensor-ppg, sensor-accelerometer, sensor-barometer
- algorithms: algo-hr, algo-step-count, algo-calorie-estimation, algo-activity-classification, algo-sleep-staging
- prior art notes: Discloses a wristband with continuous green-LED reflectance-PPG heart rate plus accelerometry and an altimeter, deriving HR, steps, floors, calories, and sleep, with phone notifications. A mainstream realization of [[mendelson-ochs-1988-reflectance-pulse-oximetry]]-geometry wrist PPG; anticipates wrist-PPG-HR-band claims from January 2015. Product-side anchor for the watch × PPG cross-cut alongside [[apple-watch-original-2015]].
Aktiia bracelet (2021) — optical-PPG-based continuous cuffless blood-pressure monitoring bracelet (2021-01)
- id:
aktiia-bracelet-cuffless-bp-2021 - corpus: private
- form factor: bracelet
- creator: Aktiia SA
- disclosure: Aktiia SA. ‘Aktiia bracelet’ (later ‘Hilo’), CE-marked and launched in Europe January 2021 — a slim wristband with optical photoplethysmography that, after a one-time initialization against a conventional cuff (and periodic re-calibration), estimates systolic and diastolic blood pressure several times a day automatically, day and night, from the wrist PPG pulse waveform.
- ip status: patented
- sensors: sensor-ppg, sensor-cuffless-bp-ptt, sensor-accelerometer
- algorithms: algo-pwv-bp-estimation, algo-hr
- prior art notes: Discloses a slim wristband that, after a one-time cuff initialization (and periodic re-calibration), automatically estimates systolic and diastolic blood pressure multiple times per day and night purely from the wrist optical-PPG pulse waveform — i.e. continuous, fully cuffless, calibration-initialized wrist BP monitoring. Anticipates continuous-cuffless-wrist-BP claims from 2021; the PPG-pulse-feature-to-BP mapping rests on the much older PTT/PWV-BP and pulse-contour literature ([[geddes-1981-pulse-transit-time-bp]], [[mukkamala-2015-ptt-cuffless-bp-review]]). Product-side anchor for the bracelet × cuffless-BP cross-cut.