Cross-cut: algo-stress-index

Axis: algorithms

5 corpus entries disclose this tag.

Earliest disclosure: 1996-03

Listed in chronological order. Each entry’s prior_art_notes and disclosure_citation constitute the citeable prior art material.

Task Force of the ESC and NASPE (1996) — heart rate variability: standards of measurement (1996-03)

  • id: esc-naspe-1996-hrv-standards
  • corpus: standards
  • form factor: other
  • creator: Task Force of the ESC and NASPE
  • disclosure: Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. ‘Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use.’ Circulation 1996;93(5):1043-1065 (also European Heart Journal 1996;17:354-381).
  • ip status: standards
  • sensors: sensor-ecg, sensor-ppg
  • algorithms: algo-hrv, algo-stress-index
  • prior art notes: Standardizes the time-domain (SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, …) and frequency-domain (VLF/LF/HF, LF/HF ratio) measures of heart rate variability, their computation from an interbeat-interval series, and their physiological interpretation. Any wearable claim reciting ‘computing a heart-rate-variability metric (e.g. RMSSD, LF/HF) from a sequence of interbeat intervals’ rests on metrics standardized here. Anchor for the HRV cross-cut; applicable whether the interbeat intervals come from ECG or PPG.

Metal Gear Solid — ‘Sneaking Suit’ with body monitoring and the ‘Solid Eye’ (monocular multi-mode HUD) (1998-09-03)

  • id: metal-gear-solid-sneaking-suit-and-solid-eye
  • corpus: fictional
  • form factor: garment
  • creator: Hideo Kojima / Konami
  • disclosure: Metal Gear Solid (Konami, released 3 September 1998; ‘Solid Eye’ and adaptive ‘OctoCamo’ suit in Metal Gear Solid 4, 2008); a form-fitting ‘Sneaking Suit’ with body-monitoring (a ‘life’/stamina/’PSYCHE’ readout), a ‘Codec’ communication link, and the ‘Solid Eye’ — a monocular head-worn device with selectable modes (night vision, binocular zoom, threat/contact detection) and an AR overlay — plus an adaptive-camouflage outer layer.
  • ip status: fictional
  • sensors: sensor-camera-ir, sensor-camera-thermal
  • algorithms: algo-stress-index
  • prior art notes: Discloses (a) a form-fitting suit with continuous body monitoring (stamina, stress/’psyche’, vitals) and comms, (b) a monocular head-worn device with user-selectable imaging modes (night vision, zoom, threat detection) and an AR overlay, and (c) an adaptive-camouflage outer layer responsive to surroundings. Relevant to instrumented-bodysuit and monocular-AR-HUD claims. § 103 motivation as of 1998 (Solid Eye / OctoCamo as of 2008). Cf. [[dragon-ball-z-scouter]], [[splinter-cell-trifocal-goggles]], [[crysis-nanosuit]].

Microsoft Band (2014) — ten-sensor wristband (optical HR, GPS, GSR, UV, skin temp, barometer, ambient light, capacitive, microphone, IMU) (2014-10-30)

  • id: microsoft-band-2014
  • corpus: private
  • form factor: watch
  • creator: Microsoft Corp.
  • disclosure: Microsoft Corp. ‘Microsoft Band’, released 30 October 2014 — a wristband integrating ten sensors: an optical (PPG) heart-rate sensor, a 3-axis accelerometer/gyroscope, GPS, an ambient-light sensor, a skin-temperature sensor, a UV sensor, a capacitive (wear-detection) sensor, a galvanic-skin-response sensor, a microphone, and a barometer (added in Band 2).
  • ip status: patented
  • sensors: sensor-ppg, sensor-accelerometer, sensor-gyroscope, sensor-skin-temperature, sensor-uv, sensor-gsr, sensor-barometer, sensor-photodiode-ambient, sensor-microphone-air
  • algorithms: algo-hr, algo-step-count, algo-calorie-estimation, algo-sleep-staging, algo-stress-index, algo-uv-dose-tracking
  • prior art notes: Discloses a single wristband integrating an unusually broad sensor suite — reflectance-PPG HR, IMU, GPS, skin temperature, UV exposure, galvanic skin response (electrodermal activity), barometer, ambient light, capacitive wear-detection, and a microphone — feeding HR, activity, sleep, UV dose, and stress-index estimations. Prior art for multi-sensor-wristband claims reciting combinations of these sensors (notably wrist GSR/EDA + PPG + skin temperature for stress) from October 2014. Product-side anchor for the multi-sensor wristband cross-cut.

Empatica Embrace2 (2018) — first FDA-cleared seizure-monitoring smartwatch (accelerometer + electrodermal activity) (2018-01-31)

  • id: empatica-embrace2-seizure-watch-2018
  • corpus: private
  • form factor: watch
  • creator: Empatica Inc. (Rosalind Picard, Matteo Lai, et al.)
  • disclosure: Empatica Inc. ‘Embrace2’ smartwatch, FDA-cleared January 2018 — a wrist-worn device with a 3-axis accelerometer/gyroscope, an electrodermal-activity (EDA) sensor, and a peripheral skin-temperature sensor, running an on-device classifier that detects probable generalized tonic-clonic seizures from the combined motion + EDA signature and alerts caregivers; the first FDA-cleared smartwatch for seizure monitoring. (Descends from the MIT Media Lab ‘iCalm’/’Q sensor’ EDA wristband research, Picard et al.)
  • ip status: patented
  • sensors: sensor-accelerometer, sensor-gyroscope, sensor-gsr, sensor-skin-temperature
  • algorithms: algo-seizure-detection, algo-stress-index, algo-activity-classification
  • prior art notes: Discloses a wristworn device that detects probable generalized tonic-clonic seizures by combining a motion (accelerometer/gyroscope) signature with an electrodermal-activity (sympathetic-surge) signature in an on-device classifier, and alerts caregivers — i.e. multimodal wrist-based seizure detection, distinct from the EEG-based approach. Anticipates wrist-seizure-detection claims combining ‘a wrist-worn accelerometer and an electrodermal-activity sensor’ and ‘a classifier flagging a seizure from their combined signal’ from 2018. Product-side anchor for the wrist × seizure-detection cross-cut; complementary to the EEG route in [[zanetti-aminifar-atienza-eglass-2025]] and [[chb-mit-scalp-eeg-database-2009]].

CogWatch (HardwareX, 2024) — open-source smartwatch for cognitive-load monitoring (2024)

  • id: cogwatch-2024-hardwarex
  • corpus: academic
  • form factor: watch
  • creator: (See HardwareX publication for full author list.)
  • disclosure: ‘CogWatch: An open-source smartwatch platform for cognitive-load monitoring.’ HardwareX 19 (2024). Open-source smartwatch design — full hardware, firmware, and assembly documentation published in the open-hardware-focused journal HardwareX (Elsevier). https://www.hardware-x.com/article/S2468-0672(24)00032-4/fulltext
  • ip status: public-domain
  • sensors: sensor-ppg, sensor-gsr, sensor-accelerometer
  • algorithms: algo-hr, algo-hrv, algo-stress-index, algo-cognitive-workload
  • prior art notes: Discloses, as open-hardware (HardwareX is the canonical venue for full publication of open-hardware designs), a wrist-worn smartwatch instrumented for cognitive-load monitoring from PPG-derived HRV and EDA/GSR. Prior art for smartwatch-cognitive-load claims combining ‘a wrist-worn device’, ‘PPG and EDA sensors’, and ‘a derived cognitive-load metric’ from 2024.

Public domain (CC0 1.0). The corpus IS the prior art commons.

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